Produce forecasts from a vital model

The forecast function allows you to produce future predictions of a vital model, where the response is a function of age. The forecasts returned contain both point forecasts and their distribution.

Usage

# S3 method for class 'FDM'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

# S3 method for class 'LC'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

# S3 method for class 'GAPC'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

# S3 method for class 'FMEAN'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

# S3 method for class 'FNAIVE'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

# S3 method for class 'mdl_vtl_df'
forecast(
  object,
  new_data = NULL,
  h = NULL,
  point_forecast = list(.mean = mean),
  simulate = FALSE,
  bootstrap = FALSE,
  times = 5000,
  ...
)

Arguments

object

A mable containing one or more models.

new_data

A tsibble containing future information used to forecast.

h

Number of time steps ahead to forecast. This can be used instead of new_data when there are no covariates in the model. It is ignored if new_data is provided.

point_forecast

A list of functions used to compute point forecasts from the forecast distribution.

simulate

If TRUE, then forecast distributions are computed using simulation from a parametric model.

bootstrap

If TRUE, then forecast distributions are computed using simulation with resampling.

times

The number of sample paths to use in estimating the forecast distribution when bootstrap = TRUE.

...

Additional arguments passed to the specific model method.

Value

A fable containing the following columns:

• .model: The name of the model used to obtain the forecast. Taken from the column names of models in the provided mable.

• The forecast distribution. The name of this column will be the same as the dependent variable in the model(s). If multiple dependent variables exist, it will be named .distribution.

• Point forecasts computed from the distribution using the functions in the point_forecast argument.

• All columns in new_data, excluding those whose names conflict with the above.

Author

Rob J Hyndman and Mitchell O'Hara-Wild

Examples

norway_mortality |>
  dplyr::filter(Sex == "Female") |>
  model(naive = FNAIVE(Mortality)) |>
  forecast(h = 10)
#> # A vital fable: 1,110 x 6 [1Y]
#> # Key:           Age x (Sex, .model) [111 x 1]
#>    Sex    .model  Year   Age
#>    <chr>  <chr>  <dbl> <int>
#>  1 Female naive   2024     0
#>  2 Female naive   2025     0
#>  3 Female naive   2026     0
#>  4 Female naive   2027     0
#>  5 Female naive   2028     0
#>  6 Female naive   2029     0
#>  7 Female naive   2030     0
#>  8 Female naive   2031     0
#>  9 Female naive   2032     0
#> 10 Female naive   2033     0
#> # ℹ 1,100 more rows
#> # ℹ 2 more variables: Mortality <dist>, .mean <dbl>