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These are two data sets collected in 1993 on two individual lanes (lane 2 and lane 3) of the 4-lane Californian freeway I-880. The data were collected by loop detectors, and the time units are 30 seconds per observation (see Petty et al., 1996, for details).

Usage

lane2; lane3

Format

Two data frames (lane2 and lane3) each with 1318 observations on the following two variables:

flow

a numeric vector giving the traffic flow in vehicles per lane per hour.

speed

a numeric vector giving the speed in miles per hour.

Source

Petty, K.F., Noeimi, H., Sanwal, K., Rydzewski, D., Skabardonis, A., Varaiya, P., and Al-Deek, H. (1996). ``The Freeway Service Patrol Evaluation Project: Database Support Programs, and Accessibility''. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 4, 71-85.

The data is provided by courtesy of CALIFORNIA PATH, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley.

Details

The data is examined in Einbeck and Tutz (2006), using a nonparametric approach to multi-valued regression based on conditional mean shift.

References

Einbeck, J., and Tutz, G. (2006). ``Modelling beyond regression functions: an application of multimodal regression to speed-flow data''. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series C (Applied Statistics), 55, 461-475.

Examples

plot(lane2)

plot(lane3)